Troubleshooting
Describe the image before naming the cause.
Start with controls, spatial pattern, channel behavior, and acquisition settings. Then choose one next test that distinguishes the leading explanations.
Signal
No or weak signal
Determine whether the limiting step is biology, access, antibody performance, staining, or imaging.
Open guide → SpecificityHigh background
Use control patterns to separate diffuse antibody background, specimen background, and overexposure.
Open guide → SpecimenAutofluorescence
Measure background by channel before selecting quenching or alternative fluorophores.
Open guide → Spatial patternUneven staining
Inspect reagent coverage, drying, bubbles, illumination, and section integrity.
Open guide →